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Navigation Home page Basic Turkish  Alphabet and Pronounciation Basic Information Grammer Vowel Harmony Vowel Harmony 2 Consonant Changes Suffixes Plurals Personal Pronouns Possession 'To Be' Positive Tense 'To Be' Negative Tense Present Continuous Tense Past Continuous Tense Simple Present Positive Tense Simple Present Negative Tense Simple Past Tense Future Tense 'There is' and 'There isn't' 'Let....' 'If.....' Apparently Necessity   Simple present tense   The simple present tense is the equivalent of 'I...' in English, for example 'I go', or 'I leave'. It is used to describe actions carried out regularly as well as general statements, and is sometimes used to ask a request. To make this tense, we must add a suffix after this verb. The rules to do this are;   1) If the verb ends in a vowel, simply add ‘-r.                                                   (oyna = play, oynar = plays)   2) If the verb is just 1 syllable, add ‘-er/ar’ according to vowel harmony.           (koy =  put, koyar = puts) 3) If the verb is 2 or more syllables, add ‘-ir/yr/ur/ür'.                                     (konu = speak, konu ur = speaks)   However Most verbs that end in either ‘L’ or ‘R’ take the ‘-ir’ ending even if they are just one vowel. Here is a list of the verbs that take this ending; gel, al, bil, var, gör, kal, bul, öl, ver, ol, san, dur, vur. examples - 'gelir' = ' comes', 'alr' = 'takes'.   After adding the simple present suffix, we must then add the personal ending on to that accordyng to vowel harmony . They are as follows; I..... - '....im' (or m/um/üm) you....(singular/familiar) - '....sin' (or s n/sun/sün) he/she/it.... - (no personal ending) we.... - '....iz' (or z/uz/üz) you....(plural/polite) - '....siniz' (or sn z/sunuz/sünüz) they.... - '....ler' (or ...lar)   So , to make a present simple sentece first check if the word ends in a vowel, and then how many syllables it has and add the appropriate suffix. Then check it is not one of the words listed above that break the rules. After that add the personal ending.   examples i go = gid-er-im you stay - kal-r-s n he/she/its puts - koy-ar we come - gel-ir-iz you play - oyna-r-siniz they talk - konu -ur-lar Asking questions with the simple present tense   To turn this tense into a question, eg ‘do you go’, add the question marker ‘-mi’ before the personal ending and change according to vowel harmony. examples do i read? - okur muyum ? do you go? - gider misin ? does he stay? - kalr m ? do we think? - düünür müyüz ? do you suppose? - sanr msnz ? do they come? - gelirler mi ? (to say 'do they...?', the question marker always comes after the personal ending). Test Yourself! Using the following vocabulary, translate the sentences below from English to Turkish. gel - come bil - know al - take konu - talk düün - think kal - stay   example - i think -  düünürüm - i think 1) we talk - _________________ 2) do they know? - ________________ 3) do you think? - ______________ 4) he stays - ___________________ 5) they come - ___________________ 6) does she take? - ______________ 7) we know - ______________ 8) you (plural/polite) stay - ______________   Translate the following sentences from Turkish to English. example - kal rsn - you stay 1) konuuruz - ______________ 2) bilirsin - ________________ 3) kal r m sn? - __________________ 4) düünür müyüm? - ________________ 5) al rlar m? - _____________ 6) gelir - ____________________   Answers 1) we talk - konuuruz 2) do they know? - bilirler mi? 3) do you think? - düünür müsün? 4) he stays - kalr 5) they come - gelirler 6) does she take? - al r m? 7) we know - biliriz 8) you (plural/polite) stay - kal rs nz   1) konuuruz - we talk 2) bilirsin - you know 3) kal r m sn? - do you stay? 4) düünür müyüm? - do i think? 5) al rlar m? - do they take? 6) gelir - he comes   learn-turkish@hotmail.com   Useful Info Useful Words 1 Useful Words 2 (inc. Verbs) Useful Phrases Numbers Days, Months and Seasons Telling the time Other  About Me Forum Guestbook Links Search This Site E-Mail Me! Useful Verbs  gelmek - to come          gitmek - to go             kalmak - to stay                    yemek - to eat             sevmek - to love         yapmak - to do            olmak - to be      o?enmek - to learn           ö?retmek - to teach        uyumak - to sleep            istemek - to want                ya$amak - to live

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